cowardice

"Fear, although it might vary from person to person, is not completely relative and is only appropriate if it 'matches the danger of the situation'".[7] The same goes for confidence

According to Hobbes courage is a virtue of the individual in order to ensure a better chance of survival while the moral virtues address Hobbes's social contract which civilized men display (in varying degrees) in order to transcend the state of nature.

Courage is the self-affirmation of being in spite of the fact of non-being.

Plato explains this perseverance as being able to persevere through all emotions, like suffering, pleasure, and fear.

argues instead that qualities such as self-control and moderation of affect and passions are mistakenly taken to be absolutely good.

performance was higher among people who think their decisions meaningfully impact their outcomes.