Sublime

Thomas Samuel Kuhn, qui a élaboré la notion de paradigme : des découvertes scientifiques universellement reconnues qui, pour un temps, fournissent à la communauté scientifique des problèmes types et des solutions, jusqu’à ce qu’un nouveau paradigme vienne apporter un cadre théorique neuf et des conceptions nouvelles.

As Kuhn describes it, science oscillates between “normal” periods, when there is a dominant theory within which scientists seek to resolve problems, and periods of “scientific revolution,” in which the general paradigm is swept away and phenomena are reinterpreted within a new conceptual framework.

For Kuhn, a scientific theory is a conceptual framework, a “paradigm,” for describing a series of phenomena.

Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.”

He had a gift for aphorism; and his names have acquired an unusual status, for although they were once arcane, some of them are now part of colloquial English. Here is the sequence: (1) normal science (§§II–IV—he called these sections, not chapters, for he thought of Structure as more of a book outline than a book); (2) puzzle-solving (§IV); (3) pa

Thomas Kuhn introduced the term ‘paradigm shift’ in his controversial book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Kuhn explained that scientific fields go through five distinct phases, the first of which is the ‘pre-paradigm’ phase.

Realizing that knowledge is provisional moves us further and further away from the dream of so many philosophies: finding a foundation to knowledge that can offer certainty.

“To reject one paradigm without simultaneously substituting another is to reject science itself.” A crisis involves a period of extraordinary, rather than normal, research, with a “proliferation of competing articulations, the willingness to try anything, the expression of explicit discontent, the recourse to philosophy and to debate over fundament