Sublime

J. Stuart Mill se pose avant tout en défenseur de la liberté individuelle face au groupe dominant attelé à la seule tâche d’imposer ses croyances et ses coutumes. Dans La Liberté, il écrit : « La seule liberté qui mérite ce nom est celle de chercher notre bien propre à notre propre façon, aussi longtemps que nous n’essayons pas de priver les autres

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Locke is the most fortunate of all philosophers. He completed his work in theoretical philosophy just at the moment when the government of his country fell into the hands of men who shared his political opinions. Both in practice and in theory, the views which he advocated were held, for many years to come, by the most vigorous and influential

Locke, as we saw, believed pleasure to be the good, and this was the prevalent view among empiricists throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Their opponents, on the contrary, despised pleasure as ignoble, and had various systems of ethics which seemed more exalted. Hobbes valued power, and Spinoza, up to a point, agreed with Hobbes.

Locke acreditava na condição social do homem e via a terra como um bem comum a todos: não seria Deus e nem o consentimento, mas o trabalho, que daria razão à propriedade. O governo seria responsável por proteger a propriedade, mediante composição de leis e regulamentos, fornecendo títulos que resguardassem o proprietário contra competidores que