Sublime

The cultural critic Andrew Ross points out that this new model of artists/ workers—unlike Marx’s “industrial reserve army” of the unemployed, always available to keep the cost of labor low—creates a reserve volunteer army of people who will work for fun.56 Here, Ross asserts, we have not just a low-wage reserve industrial labor force, but a no-wage

Der Kern ihrer Existenz, die Selbst- und Weltbegegnung in der Arbeit, meint Marx, wird den Menschen zum bloßen, äußerlichen Mittel ihrer Existenz: zum Geldverdienst.

Capitalism is a historical form of life in which wage labor is the foundation of social wealth. The deepest stakes of Marx’s critique of capitalism reside in his critique of the measure of value that is entailed by the dependence of society on wage labor.

Avec Gustave de Beaumont, qui avait de son côté publié Marie ou l’Esclavage aux États-Unis14, il effectua à l’été 1835 un nouveau voyage en Angleterre et en Irlande. Chaleureusement accueilli à Londres, il rencontra John Stuart Mill, disciple de Jeremy Bentham, fondateur de l’utilitarisme, avec lequel il correspondit jusqu’à sa mort.

Unlike Marx, Keynes viewed capitalism as inevitably shifting to greater abundance, this resulting from its ability to become ever more productive over time while reducing the demand for labour. In Economic Possibilities his claim was that this would translate to a shorter working week, with improvements in productivity as technology progressed

dovetailed:

“Private capital tends to become concentrated in [a] few hands, partly because of competition among the capitalists, and partly because technological development and the increasing division of labor encourage the formation of larger units of production at the expense of the smaller ones,” Albert Einstein wrote in 1949 in the Monthly Review in