The indirect rebound is more concerning: you save money on electricity, so you fly to Paris for a holiday. This might be worse for the environment than if you’d continued paying for inefficient lighting – a nasty backfire effect.

the rebound effect: our tendency to increase our use of more-efficient appliances.

total resource and energy demand in most of the world’s industrial countries has increased in absolute terms over the past 40 years despite efficiency gains of 50 percent in materials and 30 percent in energy use.21