a writer’s habits with regard to metaphor (and figurative language generally) were key to their entire worldview. Heavy users of figurative language, she said, see the world as interconnected, full of unseen ties and parallels. Whereas those who abstain from figurative language think that the world is made up of discrete things: every situation is... See more

“How to clarify a concept you can’t articulate:

1. Change mediums. Draw it. Photograph it. Sing it.

2. Change levels. Explain what is one level up (bigger picture) or one level down (finer details).

3. Change fields. What would this concept look like in different fields?”

Metaphors “reflect an ability of the human mind to readily connect abstract ideas with concrete scenarios,” he wrote in an academic paper in 2010 titled “The Cognitive Niche.” Metaphors can be considered expressions of human frames. They reflect causal relationships that capture a concrete situation and can be abstracted to apply to other domains.

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