M-theory is the unified theory Einstein was hoping to find. The fact that we human beings—who are ourselves mere collections of fundamental particles of nature—have been able to come this close to an understanding of the laws governing us and our universe is a great triumph. But perhaps the true miracle is that abstract considerations of logic lead

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This extraordinary conclusion was first made by a group of scientists working in Copenhagen in the 1920s. Under the leadership of the great Danish physicist Neils Bohr, these dedicated researchers devised a model of reality in which subatomic particles have a statistical “reality” that becomes actual when they are observed. Not surprisingly, this m

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