Royal Navy

All of these special operators made critical use of modern inventions such as the airplane and radio. But they were also inspired by the timeless lessons of history. SOE’s first leaders, the army officers J. C. F. Holland and Colin Gubbins, had fought against the IRA. In addition, Holland had served with the Arab irregulars in World War I and had

Royal Air Force,

Royal Marines,

Special Air Service (SAS),

Popski’s Private Army,

Long-Range Desert Group,

Otto Skorzeny

Winston Churchill,