“effort is what makes you smart or talented.”

Somehow we have come to believe that if we are good at something it will not be difficult, that there will not be false starts, bad results, frustration, anguish. A natural, people say admiringly, and what they mean is hard things done with seeming ease, and therefore apparently without effort. I’m not sure why anyone believes this, because the

People with the growth mindset, however, believe something very different. For them, even geniuses have to work hard for their achievements. And what’s so heroic, they would say, about having a gift? They may appreciate endowment, but they admire effort, for no matter what your ability is, effort is what ignites that ability and turns it into