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Evidence has poured in recently that supports the role of rumination in producing the sex differences in depression. Susan Nolen-Hoeksema of Stanford University, who originated the rumination theory, has led the way in testing it.
Martin E.P. Seligman • Learned Optimism
This implies that men and women experience mild depression at the same rate, but in women, who dwell on the state, the mild depression escalates; men, on the other hand, dissolve the state by distracting themselves, by action or perhaps by drinking it away.
Martin E.P. Seligman • Learned Optimism
Women are twice as likely to suffer depression as men are, because on the average they think about problems in ways that amplify depression.
Martin E.P. Seligman • Learned Optimism
So analyzing and wallowing in emotion when distressed seems a likely explanation for why women are more depressed than men.
Martin E.P. Seligman • Learned Optimism
Low mood increases any self-criticism or self-attack that we already do.
Dr Julie Smith • Why Has Nobody Told Me This Before?: The Sunday Times bestseller, with over 1 million copies sold
(PDF) Is Depression an Adaptation?
when those with low self-esteem were told it is OK to experience negative thoughts, their mood improved.