Sublime

Instead of training cells to use fatty acids for a survival metabolism, this biochemistry would suggest that humans need to utilize carbohydrates for a healthy metabolism and hormonal balance.

For two hundred thousand years, our body’s appetite and weight-control systems functioned well. They even worked during the US boom years from the 1940s through the 1970s, when food was just as abundant as it is today. And just like today, almost everyone had an automobile—we weren’t walking everywhere—and jogging and gym-going were relatively rare

leptin is the master controller of our weight, and when it stops working properly people lose control of their weight no matter what they try and do about it. Leptin is a hormone that comes from fat, and the more fat someone has, the higher the leptin level in the blood.’

Ghrelin is the primary hunger hormone, activated to tell your body it’s time to eat. Leptin is the antihunger hormone, which tells you when you’re full. Ghrelin levels decline after a meal as leptin levels rise.

The hypothalamic region of the brain determines the body set weight—the fat thermostat. (For more on body set weight, see chapters 6 and 10.) Insulin acts here to set body set weight higher.