Sublime

Brenner was in a thoughtful mood, drinking sherry before dinner at King’s College. When he began working with Crick, less than two decades before, molecular biology did not even have a name. Two decades later, in the 1990s, scientists worldwide would undertake the mapping of the entire human genome: perhaps 20,000 genes, 3 billion base pairs. What

In the century and a half since Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species, we still are stymied by the complexity of the biosphere, and, just as with our financial systems, our efforts to intervene have often led to confounding results.

According to the standard version of genetics that kids learn in school, inheritance is a roll of the dice. Let’s say a person (or a toad) has received one version of a gene from his mother—call it A—and a rival version of this gene—A1—from his father. Then any child of his will have even odds of inheriting an A or an A1, and so on. With each new g

Bruce Lipton’s The Biology of Belief and evolution biologist Elizabet Sahtouris’s Earth Dance: Living Systems in Evolution, scientifically validate the body as other than flesh and bone.

even though genes regularly move between the branches of life, the branches remain distinct.

Alternative mRNA splicing is often regulated by tissue-specific proteins called splicing factors, which bind to certain sequences on the precursor mRNA and either enhance or discourage the use of certain splice sites.