Sublime

By the late 1800s, Nietzsche wrote that “God is dead.” What he meant is that a critical mass of the intelligentsia didn’t believe in God anymore, not in the same way their forefathers did. In the absence of God, a new Leviathan now rose to pre-eminence, one that existed before but gained new significance: the State.

This experience of Derrida’s work reflects a central idea in his philosophy – that meaning isn’t permanently housed somewhere out beyond language, but is endlessly suspended, recreated, and altered by language itself.

Die Wahrheit ist kein Besitz und keine Ware, sie ist keine Verfügungsmasse und auch nicht das Produkt einiger kluger Köpfe. Die Wahrheit ist lebendig, sie ist dynamisch, sie ist eine Person!

hope, the belief that present circumstances can be overturned, that they need not—that they must not—have the final word.

The ultimate dynamic driving this secular age is the denial of our creatureliness and the assertion of our autonomy.

os “pós-modernos” vão atacar duas das mais importantes convicções que animavam os Modernos do século XVII ao XIX: aquela segundo a qual o ser humano seria o centro do mundo, o princípio de todos os valores morais e políticos; aquela que considera a razão um formidável poder libertador,

explain

in the modern period, best exemplified by Kant, the grace of Aquinas becomes secularized into the concept of freedom.