Sublime

sex distinctions?"

The fundamental error being made by Lamarck has the same logic as inductivism. Both assume that new knowledge (adaptations and scientific theories respectively) is somehow already present in experience, or can be derived mechanically from experience. But the truth is always that knowledge must be first conjectured and then tested. That is what

Foi necessário o surgimento de uma mente precisa e analítica como a de Aristóteles para desmontar de forma sistemática a teoria da hereditariedade de Pitágoras. Aristóteles não era um defensor particularmente ardoroso das mulheres, porém defendia o uso de evidências como base da construção de uma teoria.

Natural genetic engineering seems to have a big chicken-and-egg problem—it needs complex systems to make complex systems.

So what would refute the Darwinian theory of evolution? Evidence which, in the light of the best available explanation, implies that knowledge came into existence in a different way. For instance, if an organism was observed to undergo only (or mainly) favourable mutations, as predicted by Lamarckism or spontaneous generation, then Darwinism’s

underlying mechanism: that a microscopic chemical recipe produces variation within and between species. Several decades after his death, however, the field of evolutionary biology became shaped by an idea called the modern synthesis. It’s a simple but powerful model that is useful for understanding social and cultural change within humans as well

If one wishes to argue that men and women do not fit neatly into boxes—and therefore should not be limited by the traits, abilities, and roles traditionally assigned to their sex—one can use science to show that they do not and liberalism to argue that they should not, and reason will employ the former in the service of the latter. An understanding

Genetics is a question of how the information is transmitted between generations. Molecular biology is concerned with how it’s translated from DNA into protein. Developmental biology is concerned with how it’s translated from a set of proteins into a morphological structure. And evolutionary theory is essentially about how the information got there

This led her to propose the concept of gene regulation, which challenged the theory of the genome as a static set of instructions passed from one generation to the next. The work McClintock first reported in 1950, the result of projective thinking, extensive research, persistence, and a willingness to suspend disbelief, wasn’t understood or