Sublime

A legitimizing identity is directly related to a dominant force, usually the state. To identify as a “patriot,” with all its connotations, helps to legitimate the power of the state by indicating that there are people willing to die for its continued existence. A resistance identity also related to power but is usually forged in reaction to an

Robert Bellah signaled this shift in the 1980s with the book Habits of the Heart. In it, his team described the shift away from identities formed in relation with local people and places, and toward a greater individualism that turned away from others across the street, a few doors down, or up a flight of stairs.10

It is attained not by the making of similar individuals, as theories of mass society used to assert, but through the reduction or elimination of differences, by narrowing the range of behaviors that can function effectively or successfully in most contemporary institutional contexts.

For him, the 1990s opened onto a hyper-industrial era, not a post-industrial one, in which a logic of mass production was suddenly aligned with techniques that, in unprecedented ways, combine fabrication, distribution, and subjectivation on a planetary scale.

Wir können somit feststellen, dass der Neid in einem recht komplexen Verhältnis zur Gleichheit steht. Auf seiner grundlegendsten Ebene ist er ein Versuch, mit der beneideten Person gleichzuziehen. Deshalb spielt Neid eine zentrale Rolle sowohl im Konsumkapitalismus als auch im demokratischen Gemeinwesen. Doch der Neid auf die sozial höher Stehenden

Que tu en aies conscience ou non, tu as nécessairement adopté les croyances et les valeurs d’un groupe, tu participes à ses rites, tu fais des sacrifices, tu dessines une frontière entre « eux » et « nous », tu t’isoles intellectuellement. Tout le monde le fait. Les croyances religieuses et les comportements tribaux qui vont avec font partie