Sublime

The three political lies: 1.From Hobbes, government is not about the common good or providing basic needs. It is about preserving property. 2.From Hobbes and Locke, economics is a moral-free math. Humanity’s equality need not translate to economic equity. 3.From Smith, justice is retributive—it is about punishing rule-breakers—not about making righ

A properly liberal state is one in which individual rights are paramount; it protects the individual not only against the abuses of a tyrant but also against the abuses of democratic majorities. Think of liberal democracy as democracy with moral and legal buffers.

He holds that in a state of nature there is no right or wrong, for wrong consists in disobeying the law. He holds that the sovereign can do no wrong, and agrees with Hobbes that the Church should be entirely subordinate to the State. He is opposed to all rebellion, even against a bad government, and instances the troubles in England as a proof of t

The duties of nations, as he viewed them, were their own justification; oratorical embellishment could only distract from that basic understanding. Adenauer’s unobtrusive style also suggested the role he foresaw for the new Germany in helping to shape a new Europe through consensus.

The secular argument for human freedom, launched almost three centuries ago under the rubric of “natural rights,” has often been reduced to a calculation of probabilities: democracy and the personal freedoms it protects are good not because they have an inherent moral superiority over other forms of organizing society, but because they are the leas

Capacious

Courage summons virtue in the moment of decision; character reinforces fidelity to values over an extended period.

The freedom to decide what is my own good is enshrined in Justice Anthony Kennedy’s majority opinion in Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992): “At the heart of liberty is the right to define one’s own concept of existence, of meaning, of the universe, and of the mystery of human life.”