And the hyper-efficient assembly-line techniques that characterised ‘megalithic’ Hollywood filmmaking from the 1910s onward began to corrode as early as 1948, when an antitrust lawsuit successfully forbade the major studios from owning their own cinemas and crowding them with their own relatively low-cost films.
The decision created a new form of liability known as “inducement”: the technology companies, the court ruled, had seduced the users — the teens, the kids, the fans, the pirates — into infringing copyright. It didn’t matter that these services never hosted any files or made a central index.