Kasper Jordaens

In principle any image generated by DALL·E 2 could have been drawn by hand, edited from existing images using tools, or recreated with hired models and photographers; this speed (and cost) differential is a difference in degree that may add up to a difference in kind.

The neural networks coded by human scientists are often the result of trial and error. There is little theory to what does and doesn’t work, and no guarantee that the best designs have been found.

While we are highly uncertain which commercial and non-commercial use cases might get traction and be safely supportable in the longer-term, plausible use cases of powerful image generation and modification technologies like DALL·E 2 include education (e.g. illustrating and explaining concepts in pedagogical contexts), art/creativity (e.g. as a bra... See more

Targeted harassment, bullying, or exploitation of individuals is a principal area of concern for deployment of image generation models broadly and Inpainting in particular.Inpainting – especially combined with the ability to upload images – allows for a high degree of freedom in modifying images of people and their visual context. While other image... See more

Clune also stresses the importance of thinking about the ethics of the new technology from the start. There is a good chance that AI-designed neural networks and algorithms will be even harder to understand than today’s already opaque black-box systems.

It is not hard to imagine that “artificial judgment” systems might be increas-ingly used in the future. These systems would autonomously evaluate cul-tural objects, scoring a design artifact, fashion item, or image with a higheror lower aesthetic value.

As noted above, not only the model but also the manner in which it is deployed and in which potential harms are measured and mitigated have the potential to create harmful bias, and a particularly concerning example of this arises in DALL·E 2 Preview in the context of pre-training data filtering and post-training content filter use, which can resul... See more