Kalyani Tupkary

In the 20th-century office, female file clerks were expected to handle papers — but not to understand their contents.

A map, in other words, is an arrangement of symbols into a system of meaning — and we use maps because we understand the language of signs that undergirds them. If the mapping of space was a human invention, she explained, one could also invent a means of mapping time. 

In  The Fabric of Interface , Stephen Monteiro argues that our everyday digital practice has taken on traits common to textile and needlecraft culture. Our smart phones and tablets use some of the same skills—manual dexterity, pattern making, and linking—required by the handloom, the needlepoint hoop, and the lap-sized quilting frame. Monteiro

The semantic system of graphical relations The graphical expression of semantic relations