Elizabeth Mackay

Prof Jiang posits that money became a substitute for religion as protestant faith became more popular. He outlines that protestantism is less certain than catholicism. Where catholicism was justified by the ordained, only priests have access to the bible and they were given the divine right to reinterpret it to their subjects. Protestantism is less orthodox and less hierarchical (reacting to the problems of corruption and hypocrisy in catholicism)as a protestant your belief is primarily justified by your own ability to believe in your own faith.

Therefore creating a less-certain, more anxious religious following, who are drawn to create sense of the world in another way.