Whiplash

new products and technological interventions without considering their ecological, social, and network effects has passed.

In

When we talk about learning—as opposed to education—we’re really talking about replacing the traditional, one-way, top-down model of knowledge transmission with an active, connected system that teaches people how to learn. Education is what other people do to you. Learning is what you do to yourself.

Two days later the Macintosh 128K introduced the graphical user interface, forever transforming our relationship with technology. Computers were cute. They were friendly, easy to use, no longer so challenging. Children went from being budding programmers to passive users. Separately, as Papert later lamented, the

Nobody has ever won a Nobel Prize by doing what they’re told,

Learning, we argue, is something you do for yourself. Education is something done to you.

the world is going from “stocks” to “flows.”

addition to “buy low, sell high,” another important lesson from venture investing is that when the cost of innovation becomes very low, trying to reduce losses is less important than trying to amplify your wins. In this chapter we discussed the idea of not spending more on due diligence than the price of the investment, and the importance of not po

This simple proposal—the standardization of that most modest of industrial components—inspired the development of interchangeable parts.14 “He helped spark the second Industrial Revolution,” says Tom Knight, the MIT synthetic biologist. “You can’t overstate the importance of standardization to the creative process. An inventor wants to invent, not