Emphasizing resource productivity will require the reversal of two hundred years of policies in taxes, labor, industry, and trade meant to encourage extraction, depletion, and disposal.9

The twenty-first century capitalist’s agenda, in a nutshell, is to rethink the “capital”—to build organizations that are less machines, and more living networks of the many different kinds of capital, whether natural, human, social, or creative.

Recalculating this according to the three economies just sketched out, the statisticians of some imaginary Bureau of Honest Figures might produce something like this: The gross primary product or GPP would be the value of all unprocessed natural products at the moment they enter the economy — oil as it reaches the wellhead, coal as it leaves the mi