Data architecture. This identifies the target data architecture standard that will be used to support the BI environment, whether hub and spoke, bus, or federated. It also identifies the roles of each part of the

stage 3, using the manufacturing example, the company has advanced again, this time to the point at which its manufacturing or service-delivery capabilities actually enhance the performance of key business processes or functions, as opposed to not holding them back. Similarly, a stage 3 BI capability provides information that enhances performance

If positioned correctly, it is a long-term program undertaking to leverage information assets to support business success. As such, it requires a long-term commitment, a program perspective, and a governance structure.

operates a dedicated technical environment for BI. The environment contains servers, an RDBMS, an ETL tool, and a query and reporting tool. There are separate technical environments for development, test, and production, so each environment can be optimized for its role.

The food industry is a mature, fragmented, international industry that is undergoing substantial structural changes typical of industry evolution.

As with many IT products, there is often a trade-off between products that do many things reasonably well and products that do one thing extremely well.

discussing the potential need to modify operational systems so that the systems would contain the information needed to better run the business.

BI access and delivery is handled through data mart and other types of BI applications.

For example, analysis techniques used to identify and document requirements that work well for operational systems do not do a very good job of capturing BI application requirements.