The laptop story and Biden’s cognitive sharpness were the most massive and effective disinformation campaigns.

The internet formed a new reality, and new fair witnesses emerged to certify it: disinformation researchers and fact-checkers.

the focus on identity is the factory setting of the current media hardware of society.

With its focus on identity, digital orality has to reject normativity and marginalize the majority.

There’s no going back to a state when dominant media, like writing or early print, focused on ideas and ignored identities.

Mega-relational digital orality reverses truth into justice.

Because of social media, the need to signal identity has escalated and reversed identity into credentials.

Media are the hardware of society—the hardware has evolved from expressing ideas to centering on identities. The software—our culture—has followed suit. Identity politics mirrors the development of media, reflecting its cultural consequences.

Literacy is rational, orality is relational. Digital orality is mega-relational, because social media business critically depends on user engagement—on how actively people connect and react to each other. “The content became less important than the contact,”