The habits of mind we’ve covered—noticing new connections, going Tilt! at inconsistencies, finding flawed assumptions—may combat mental rigidity.

The superforecasters are what psychologists call “actively open-minded thinkers”—people who don’t cling too tightly to a single approach, are comfortable abandoning an old view in the light of fresh evidence or new arguments, and embrace disagreements with others as an opportunity to learn.

mindedness, which is motivated by the genuine worry that one might not be seeing one’s choices optimally. It is the ability to effectively explore different points of view and different possibilities without letting your ego or your blind spots get in your way.

Of particular interest to us is openness to experience. This can also be framed as openness to new information: our ability to adapt by noticing that the world has changed, accepting rather than rejecting relevant signals, and as a result, changing our outlook, opinions, and actions. In a swiftly evolving world, people who are less open to new