One technique for inducing high-level construals is asking an individual a series of "why?" questions that lead to increasingly abstracted responses, whereas low-level construals are induced by "how?" questions leading to increasingly concrete answers.

performance was higher among people who think their decisions meaningfully impact their outcomes.

Self-control demands that an individual work to overcome thoughts, emotions, and automatic responses/impulses.

Individuals with low self-control tend to be impulsive, inconsiderate towards others, risk takers, short-sighted,

Using compassion, gratitude, and healthy pride to create positive emotional motivation can be less stressful, less vulnerable to rationalization, and more likely to succeed than the traditional strategy of using logic and willpower to suppress behavior that resonates emotionally

a normal individual should have the capacity to be either impulsive or controlled depending on which is the most adaptive.

According to EI, craving persists because individuals develop mental images of the coveted substance that are themselves pleasurable, but which also increase their awareness of deficit.

Todd A. Hare et al. use functional MRI techniques to show that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are crucial to the exertion of self-control. They found the vmPFC encoded the value placed on pleasurable, but ultimately self defeating behavior versus that placed on long-term goals. Another... See more

Aristotle's virtue of temperance, which concerns having a well-chosen and well-regulated set of desires