The economic integration between the Middle Origin and Jiangnan was complete. Its agriculture mastered the technological advances of two harvests in one year, thus enabling massive production of surplus crops. International trade mattered as well. It was enjoying a trade surplus with British East India Company. Silver was exchanged for tea and othe

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between about 1900 and 1800 BCE, for the first time in history a chain of broadly similar cultures extended from the edges of China to the frontiers of Europe. Innovations and raw materials began to move across the continent. The steppe world was not just a conduit, it also became an innovating center, particularly in bronze metallurgy and chariot

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More cattle and sheep could be owned and controlled by riders than by pedestrian herders, which permitted a greater accumulation of animal wealth. Larger herds, of course, required larger pastures, and the desire for larger pastures would have caused a general renegotiation of tribal frontiers, a series of boundary conflicts. Victory in tribal warf

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