Physical Infrastructure Design

collectively-owned social and cultural institutions built on decentralised infrastructure: democratically governed manifestations of collective interest ranging from political aims to fandoms, contributed to and run by their members.

In 2016, ‘civic imagination’ was added to the ‘culture, heritage, sport and tourism’ remit of Deputy Mayor Matteo Lepore. As a report by Cities of Service notes, ‘Lepore believed that the city government needed to reimagine policies and tools so that Bologna’s citizens would feel a shared responsibility in taking care of public space and using reso

But generally, the move from government provision of housing, food, and jobs programs to this network of semiprivate organizations introduced perverse incentives into life-sustaining institutions. The result has been a wealth transfer of public money to boards of directors staffed largely by local elites that are more likely to be responsive to rea