During the two decades between the founding of Hull House and the 1909Plan of Chicago, the city doubled in population from one to two million,25 withthe majority of newcomers being low-income migrants from Europe and ruralAmerica. While both Jane Addams and Daniel Burnham shared a progressive-minded zeal to “improve” the city of Chicago, their... See more

Reestablishing a common sense of belonging and ownership of the future in this way is the precondition for “taking back control.”

The story of activist local government in the late nineteenth century – spearheaded and symbolized by Joseph Chamberlain in Birmingham – is a complex one, but two landmarks in a convoluted progress were the Municipal Corporations Act of 1835, which reformed a corrupt and inefficient system of local government, and the Public Health Act of 1848. The

... See more