On the Origin of Time: Stephen Hawking's Final Theory

Second, however, there is the interactive process we call observership, that transforms some of what might be into what does happen.

And unlike other fields, which undulate in a fixed background of space and time, gravity is spacetime. This is the crux of the difficulty when trying to reconcile gravity with quantum theory.

Observership

all information inside evaporating black holes in an AdS universe must eventually leak out and wind up in the emitted Hawking radiation.

The branches that do not correspond to the outcome of an observer’s measurement evolve independently and are of no further relevance, along with all parts of the tree growing out of them.

But top-down cosmology

In hindsight, what really

What determines the ultimate boundary conditions at the origin of the universe?

The first bottom-up attempt to untangle the riddle of design was to search for a profound mathematical truth at the kernel of existence. The second line of attack, multiverse cosmology, also relied on timeless metalaws, but augmented with the anthropic selection of a habitable island universe.