Liga Nobiliaria
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Liga Nobiliaria
By AD 1000 this seigneurial system had hardened into an elaborate structure of obligations and overlordship, and had become a powerful engine for exploiting land and labour to produce military power – in the characteristic form of the mounted knight.
The adoption by the provincial gentry of literati ideals (and bureaucratic ambitions) was a vital stage in China’s transition from a semi-feudal society, where power was wielded by great landholders, into an agrarian empire. What made that possible was an imperial system that relied much less on the coercive power of the imperial centre (a clumsy a
... See morePedro Girón Acuña Pacheco.
He was a powerful noble and the Grand Master of the Order of Calatrava, one of the most influential military orders in Castile. In 1466, Isabella’s half-brother, King Henry IV, arranged her betrothal to Pedro Girón as a political move to secure loyalty from the powerful Girón family.
However, just days after the betrothal a
... See moreHenry IV of Castile (Enrique IV; 1425–1474), nicknamed "the Impotent," was King of Castile and León from 1454 to 1474. He was Isabella I's older half brother. His reign was marked by instability and weakening of royal power, as noble factions grew stronger and the kingdom became less centralized. Henry’s inability to produce a male heir, as well as
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