Philosophy (if it’s psychologically ‘resonant’) tends to be better at filling that gap. It rarely concerns itself with empirical research, preferring instead what I see as a vertical approach: an opportunity for an individual journey of deep understanding (although this may then extend into a scheme for transforming society at large).

In forcing us to be loyal to experience, and to sidestep authorities who try to influence how we interpret that experience, phenomenology has the capacity to neutralise all the ‘isms’ around it, from scientism to religious fundamentalism to Marxism to fascism.