It’s not enough for leaders to give people permission to dissent; they must  demand  it of people. 

Taking the demand imperative one step further, it’s beneficial for leaders to actively  seek out the views of vocal naysayers , who can turn into influential champions just by being part of the conversation.

While many leaders say they welcome dissent, their reactions often change when they actually get some. They may feel defensive. They may question their own judgment. They may resent having to take time to revisit the decision-making process. These are natural responses.