From the outset of second-wave feminist activism in the 1960s, the three main branches of feminism were liberal, materialist, and radical. Liberal feminism worked incrementally to extend all the rights and freedoms of a liberal society to women. It was popular with broader liberal society “on the ground” and successfully reshaped the landscape of

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Businesses are more successful when they hire women: more collaborative,3 more profitable,4 more inclusive.5 Women are in fact more effective leaders,6 less likely to take unnecessary risks,7 great at multitasking,8 and have higher emotional intelligence9— as the Harvard Business Review put it, “one of the least counter-intuitive findings in the

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While 75 per cent of policy documents relating to agriculture and rural development from 68 countries recognize women’s roles and/or women’s challenges in agriculture and rural development, only 19 per cent included policy goals related to gender

Women also have less secure tenure over land, less access to credit and training, and have to work with technology designed for men. Along with discrimination, these inequalities create a 24 per cent gender gap in productivity between women and men farmers on farms of equal size.

Overall, by addressing gender issues in agricultural commodity supply chains, businesses can contribute to a more sustainable, ethical, and socially responsible sourcing approach. This not only benefits the environment and human rights but also strengthens business resilience, competitiveness, and stakeholder relationships.