When we consume more sugar and carbohydrates than our liver mitochondria can handle, the excess glucose is converted into triglycerides

high triglycerides are almost certainly a warning sign that you are eating too much sugar, refined carbs, and/or alcohol, and probably not engaging in enough physical activity.

A study in the International Journal of Obesity showed that even when controlling for food intake, artificial light at night helps to explain about 70 percent of the excessive body mass prevalence among people worldwide.

The American Gut Project research showed that people with the healthiest microbiomes eat at least thirty different plant foods per week.

fasting insulin along with a fasting glucose test, you can calculate your HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance)—one

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Research has found that social jet lag of greater than two hours in people sixty years or younger yields an approximately twofold increased risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes or prediabetes.

Optimal range: Anything above a ratio of 3 is strongly suggestive of insulin resistance. You want to shoot for less than 1.5, although lower is better. I recommend aiming for less than 1.

Processed food manufacturing increases the “durability” and “sensory qualities” of foods by combining minimally processed foods with processed culinary ingredients to make “highly palatable” items.