Bayes’s theorem begins and ends with a probabilistic expression of the likelihood of a real-world event. It does not require you to believe that the world is intrinsically uncertain. It was invented in the days when the regularity of Newton’s laws formed the dominant paradigm in science. It does require you to accept, however, that your subjective

... See more

In the first decades of the twentieth century, it is the whole of European culture that no longer thinks we can represent the world in a simple and complete way. The anthropologist Lévi-Strauss understands that to study a culture is to change it; Freud understands that doctors cannot evaluate patients’ minds without affecting them. In Italy, betwee

... See more