Complexity: The Emerging Science at the Edge of Order and Chaos

Chaotic systems come in two shapes. Level one chaos is chaos that does not react to predictions about it. The weather, for example, is a level one chaotic system. Though it is influenced by myriad factors, we can build computer models that take more and more of them into consideration, and produce better and better weather forecasts. Level two chao

How a complex system suddenly transitions into a more organized state is

All the examples are variations on the same mathematical theme: self-organization, the spontaneous emergence of order out of chaos.

Systems often have the property of self-organization—the ability to structure themselves, to create new structure, to learn, diversify, and complexify. Even complex forms of self-organization may arise from relatively simple organizing rules—or may not.

adaptive complexity begins mapping the universe, encoding its structure, and modeling its dynamics. As it does so, the cosmos begins to come to life.