For now, AI works best with human help, and you want to be that helpful human. As AI gets more capable and requires less human help—you still want to be that human. So the second principle is to learn to be the human in the loop.

Finally, companies need to start thinking about the other component of effectively using AI: systems. The pressure for organizations to take a stand on a technology that affects their most highly paid workers will be immense, as will the value of these workers becoming more productive. Without a fundamental restructuring of how organizations work,

Almost all the writing in this book is a Just Me Task. There are three reasons for this. First, the AI is good at writing, but not that good at writing with a personal style.

In fact, the AI even demonstrated an ability to adapt its responses based on a given “persona,” reflecting different income levels and past purchase behaviors. If you tell it to act like a particular person, it does. I have the students in my entrepreneurship class “interview” the AI about their potential products before ever talking to a real

Even when we ask an AI why it made a particular decision, it fabricates an answer rather than reflecting on its own processes, mainly because it doesn’t have processes to reflect on in the same way humans do.

Plus, if it sticks too closely to the patterns in its training data, the model is said to be overfitted to that training data. Overfitted LLMs may fail to generalize to new or unseen inputs and generate irrelevant or inconsistent text—in short, their results are always similar and uninspired. To avoid this, most AIs add extra randomness in their

AI does not need to be catastrophic. In fact, we can plan for the opposite. J. R. R. Tolkien wrote about exactly this, a situation he termed a eucatastrophe, so common in fairy tales: “the joy of the happy ending: or more correctly of the good catastrophe, the sudden joyous ‘turn’ … is a sudden and miraculous grace: never to be counted on to

With lower-cost workers doing the same work in less time, mass unemployment, or at least underemployment, becomes more likely, and we may see the need for policy solutions, like a four-day workweek or universal basic income, that reduce the floor for human welfare.

AI is trained on vast swaths of humanity’s cultural heritage, so it can often best be wielded by people who have a knowledge of that heritage. To get the AI to do unique things, you need to understand parts of the culture more deeply than everyone else using the same AI systems. So now, in many ways, humanities majors can produce some of the most