EDA - Galvanic Skin Response

EDA was used to assess expression of emotions and was considered an autonomic concomitant of individual differences in trait anxiety. EDA has been used to measure sweat responses prior to serving in tennis in order to determine the range of values associated with having a better serve. EDAs that were too high or too low ... See more

Typically, the mental skills found to be important for sports include self-talk, imagery, goal-setting, energy management.Additionally, biofeedback may benefit fatigue reduction, injury prevention, recovery, and the learning and execution of skills.

1. ANTONI GAUDÍ ( Modern Architect/ Designer)

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Case Study: Team Rhythmic Gymnastics

Psychological support in this period accompanied the trainings and helped athletes to cope with stress. Individual and team mental sessions were provided according to training situations and the personal demands of the athletes. A total of 3-4 weekly mental meetings were provided during this competition phase, es... See more

Surface Electromyography (SEMG)

When it comes to muscle tension, most athletes generally relax better, but some do not know how to relax. But a person can be trained to control muscle movement as small as one muscle fiber. Improved results with SEMG have been reported when specific muscles relevant to the sport performance are targeted. Wilson and B... See more

Viewing films. Blumenstein is an advocate of having athletes watch a video after they have learned to self-regulate using multi-modal biofeedback.

Typically, biofeedback and neurofeedback assessment and training include one or all of the following, generally integrated with mental training skill.

-SEMG in the trapezius and frontalis,

-palmar electrodermal activity, so EDA,

-heart rate

- heart rate variability

-respiration rate and hand surface temperature

- EEG at the FCz for relaxation and tens... See more

The relevance of biofeedback interventions to athletic preparation is evident in the “psychophysiological principle” presented by Green, Green, and Walters ( 1970), which states that every physiological change is accompanied by a parallel change in the mental and emotional state and, conversely. every change in the mental and emotional state, consc... See more

An important thing to keep in mind is that requirements are unique to different sports and to different athletes.

The mental control of skills of elite athletes is different from that of those who are less skilled, which in turn is different from that of non-athletes. Even elite athletes in the same sport may differ from each other psychophysiologi... See more