Combining words and visuals can give students two ways to help them retrieve information later (Weinstein and Sumeracki, 2019). Combining too many words and visuals can create cognitive overload (Moreno and Mayer, 2000).

Fiorella and Mayer argue that learning is a generative activity; learners actively seek to make sense of material – generative learning. They identify eight strategies that they argue have been shown to improve student learning: summarising, mapping, drawing, imagining, self-testing, self-explaining, teaching and enacting (Fiorella and Mayer, 2015)... See more

Pedagogy is the observable act of teaching together with its attendant discourse of educational theories, values, evidence and justifications. It is what one needs to know, and the skills one needs to command, in order to make and justify the many different kinds of decisions of which teaching is constituted. (Alexander, 2009, p. 5)