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Socrates in other dialogues would say that in order to have knowledge one must make not just a lucky guess, but also have an account, that is, some basis for the thing that you believe. Present-day philosophers would put the point by saying that knowledge requires not just truth and belief, but also justification: you must be able to give reasons
... See moreMitchell S. Green • Know Thyself: The Value and Limits of Self-Knowledge
To this day, most courses in the philosophy of knowledge teach that knowledge is some form of justified, true belief, where ‘justified’ means designated as true (or at least ‘probable’) by reference to some authoritative source or touchstone of knowledge. Thus ‘how do we know . . . ?’ is transformed into ‘by what authority do we claim . . . ?’ The
... See moreDavid Deutsch • The Beginning of Infinity: Explanations that Transform The World
Epistemology: Studies the nature of knowledge, whether and how we know what we think we know, and whether and how our beliefs are justified.
Michael Huemer • Knowledge, Reality, and Value: A Mostly Common Sense Guide to Philosophy
The Epistemic Significance of Social Pressure
David Deutsch • The Beginning of Infinity: Explanations That Transform the World
