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Socrates in other dialogues would say that in order to have knowledge one must make not just a lucky guess, but also have an account, that is, some basis for the thing that you believe. Present-day philosophers would put the point by saying that knowledge requires not just truth and belief, but also justification: you must be able to give reasons f
... See moreMitchell S. Green • Know Thyself: The Value and Limits of Self-Knowledge
Epistemology: Studies the nature of knowledge, whether and how we know what we think we know, and whether and how our beliefs are justified.
Michael Huemer • Knowledge, Reality, and Value: A Mostly Common Sense Guide to Philosophy
The Epistemic Significance of Social Pressure
David Deutsch • The Beginning of Infinity: Explanations That Transform the World
To convince another competent person of what is being said does not involve appeals to authority or traditional wisdom or anything other than a simple presentation of the order of reason leading to that conclusion, so that someone else can also reach it independently.
This sort of thing happens every day. When a high school geometry student proves t