Sublime

Pulhamite, the go-to concrete used by Victorians wanting to add a touch of drama to natural landscapes

The suffix wic—Sandwich on the East Kent coast is a prime example—seems to reflect the sites of beach or estuarine markets.*4 When kings began to see opportunities for controlling and taxing them in the seventh century they were given royal protection and patronage and developed into what have become known as emporia. Hamwic, near Southampton, is t

It is a conspicuous fact that, with few exceptions, the boundaries of the many historic townshipsv that lie along the line of Hadrian’s Wall do not butt up against it, as one might expect of such a great physical barrier, but straddle it.33 Historical geographers have established that the origins of many historic townships and parishes lie in their

By the centuries leading up to 2000 BC, the landscape of lowland Britain had been transformed by human action. Rivers, for example, were being increasingly exploited. They probably also formed boundaries and, of course, routes of communication; roads and trackways were now well established and would have been respected by all the communities they p