Sublime
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The limit Hm → 1 allows individuals to fully sample the city within the smallest distance traveled,
Luis M. A. Bettencourt • Introduction to Urban Science: Evidence and Theory of Cities as Complex Systems
benefit trade-offs experienced by mobile agents such as households and firms, who must choose, within their own constraints, where to locate and whom to interact with.
Luis M. A. Bettencourt • Introduction to Urban Science: Evidence and Theory of Cities as Complex Systems
These logarithmic derivatives
Luis M. A. Bettencourt • Introduction to Urban Science: Evidence and Theory of Cities as Complex Systems
cooperation at scale. The state, business, and civil society all have roles to play in creating the
W. Brian Arthur • Complexity Economics: Proceedings of the Santa Fe Institute's 2019 Fall Symposium
even though in larger cities there are more professions, each with different specialized knowledge, there are fewer per capita.
Luis M. A. Bettencourt • Introduction to Urban Science: Evidence and Theory of Cities as Complex Systems
ecology, to sociology, to economics.
Luis M. A. Bettencourt • Introduction to Urban Science: Evidence and Theory of Cities as Complex Systems
We will be able to tell how dense such cities would be, their amount of infrastructure, the heights of their skylines, how congested their transportation systems would be, how quickly an epidemic will spread, how often people meet, and how quickly they move!
Luis M. A. Bettencourt • Introduction to Urban Science: Evidence and Theory of Cities as Complex Systems
Markets are driven by the actions of countless individuals, each reacting to his or her whims, the weather, and the news of the day. Remarkably, just as with army ants, out of all our individual actions emerges a higher order, a set of prices that allows us to buy and sell whatever we may desire.
Jessica C. Flack • Worlds Hidden in Plain Sight: The Evolving Idea of Complexity at the Santa Fe Institute, 1984–2019 (Compass)
It seems that, from the perspective of mathematical science, there exist two natural domains. The first is the physical domain of particles, fields, and universal laws, with an associated search for elegant theories that apply everywhere in the known universe. Here, science has made great strides. The second domain is that of complex phenomena. The
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