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W. E. B. Du Bois, commenting a half-century before CRT’s codification, writes, “The slave went free; stood a brief moment in the sun; then moved back again toward slavery.”40 CRT examines such recurrent moments in history to discern institutional values and their consequences.
Eric Mason • Urban Apologetics
RECOGNIZING THE STRATEGY—to defeat a civil rights bill by holding other bills hostage until, to secure their release, the White House or liberal senators agreed to withdraw it—Johnson recognized something else: that if something were not done to counteract it, the strategy would succeed now, as it had succeeded not only in 1949 but at several other
... See moreRobert A. Caro • The Passage of Power: The Years of Lyndon Johnson IV
King marked his thirty-sixth birthday on Friday, January 15, 1965, and the president of the United States called to wish him the best. Voting rights, which were routinely denied to blacks in the South, were top of mind for Johnson. “There is not going to be anything, Doctor, as effective as all [black citizens] voting,” Johnson told King. “That
... See moreJon Meacham • The Soul of America: The Battle for Our Better Angels
For months after the passage of the 1964 law, even after its inadequacies had been demonstrated, President Johnson had let civil rights leaders know that he didn’t think it wise to press for another bill so soon. Now, with the violence raging in Alabama, Johnson had let them know he would address a special joint session of Congress on Monday, March
... See moreRobert A. Caro • Means of Ascent: The Years of Lyndon Johnson II
NAPO was a coming together of different communities in the New Afrikan Independence Movement. The Republic of New Afrika was imagined in 1968 as an independent Black-majority nation in the Southeastern United States. The first vision was articulated at a meeting of the Malcolm X Society in Detroit. The states they imagined as being part of this new
... See moreImani Perry • South to America: A Journey Below the Mason-Dixon to Understand the Soul of a Nation
African American co-op movement. I consider the various organizations’ agendas and strategies over time, as well as the kinds of impact cooperative practices have had on Black communities. There are lessons to be learned from the history of cooperative economic models that can be applied to future discussions about community economic development in
... See moreJessica Gordon Nembhard • Collective Courage: A History of African American Cooperative Economic Thought and Practice
Johnson agreed. “I dictated a whole page on hate—hate international—hate domestically—and just say that this hate that produces inequality, this hate that produces poverty, that’s why we’ve got to have a tax bill—the hate that produces injustice—that’s why we’ve got to have a civil rights bill,” he told Young. “It’s a cancer that just eats out our
... See moreJon Meacham • The Soul of America: The Battle for Our Better Angels
cars could also play a more direct role in the struggle for civil rights, as African American drivers showed in 1956, when they used their cars to support the Montgomery Bus Boycott.