Sublime

A most remarkable diplomatic initiative, known as the Iwakura Mission, was launched. Senior Japanese diplomats voyaged around the world to establish new diplomatic relations with Europe and the United States and to study best practices abroad as the basis for Japanese reforms in many key areas, including the structure of government, central banking

Hirota cabinet (1936–37)

examines how the Kōjin Club developed trade unionism and class consciousness in the midst of “Taishō democracy” and how its failure to unite engineers based on class politics led the organization and Miyamoto

Thus, they argued, Japan’s bloc of Greater East Asia—Japan, Manchuria, and China (soon to be called the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere [Daitōa kyōeiken],

Two days after Harris’s arrival in Shimoda, Jan Hendrik Donker Curtius (1813–1879), formerly the chief merchant of the Dutch trading station on Deshima but now the Netherlands government commissioner, sent (by way of the Nagasaki magistrate) a letter to the shogunate in which he urged that the policy of the closed country be abandoned.