Philosophy

Ostranenie serves as a critical technique within formalist film theory by transforming ordinary elements into extraordinary experiences, prompting viewers to reevaluate their perceptions. By disrupting conventional narrative flows or visual styles, filmmakers can engage audiences in a more active viewing process. This technique is important because

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The first of the famous Buddhist ‘Four Noble Truths’ is that experience is defined by dukkha which means ‘suffering or ‘dissatisfaction’ in Sanskrit and Pali. The fact that we all know what it is to face adversity or ‘suffer’ in some way, not only unites us, but can also provide us with a desire to assist others in their own times of need.

If

a

machine

"goes

down"

on

the

Internet,

it

is

not

absent:

it

ceases

to

be

part

of

the

virtual

world.

The

code

cannot

call

forth

presence

from

absence:

any

attempts

to

"reach"

that

site

return

nothing,

not

even

the

equivalent

of

the

telephone's

absent

ringing

(or

its

tantalizing

busy

signal).

An

off-line

machine

no

longer

exists:

host

unknown.

if you really vividly experience a concrete human life, imagine what it's like to live that life, and at the same time permit yourself the full range of emotional responses to that concrete life, you will (if you have at all a good moral start) be unable to do certain things to that person. Vividness leads to tenderness, imagination to compassion.... See more