Complex Systems
Complex systems are systems where the collective behavior of their parts entails emergence of properties that can hardly, if not at all, be inferred from properties of the parts.
Jason Badeaux and
Complex Systems
Fermat's Library | Life's Irreducible Structure annotated/explained version.
fermatslibrary.com
(Annotated).
Complexity Explained
complexityexplained.github.io“leverage points.” These are places within a complex system (a corporation, an economy, a living body, a city, an ecosystem) where a small shift in one thing can produce big changes in everything.