a range of extrinsic and intrinsic rewards to satisfy their employees’ unique motivations. In most cases, a cafeteria-style benefit package

Employees’ self-worth is based on both internal criteria (e.g., personal identity and self-confidence) and external criteria (e.g., college degrees, job titles and financial net worth).

every autonomous unit in the organization, e.g., wholly owned subsidiaries, can design a performance-based reward system according

Employees’ work life can satisfy external criteria for self-worth and can be an important forum for self-expression.

include flexible working hours and work from home

Organizations should practice open communication when distributing extrinsic rewards, (e.g., promotion), so employees can compare the value of everyone’s contributions.

Workers have varying self-worth and needs for extrinsic and intrinsic rewards.

skill-based pay to reward those who acquire additional expertise and to develop a multiskilled work force

Most employees want to take ownership in their contributions to the company, rather than “rent” themselves to the organization.