Spirals show the flow of energy and the cycles of life. The polarities are shown to spiral inward and outward-as above, so below. Crosses illustrate the energetic crossing or coming together of polarities of energies, such as female and male or light and dark. The cross represents eternal life and serves as a bridge to the higher, or stellar, self,

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In all, many thousands of runic inscriptions have come down to us, mostly in the form of messages carefully engraved onto free-standing rocks—the famous ‘runestones’ mentioned here many times—in texts set within beautiful borders and other designs of writhing beasts and symbols. Originally painted in bright colours, sometimes the designs and

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