Tribal: How the Cultural Instincts That Divide Us Can Help Bring Us Together

Hiddink believed that cultural backgrounds and identities influence players, but not so rigidly that they are limited to one style.

The psychological processes of the peer instinct—attention to peers, mind reading, learning from observation, conformist motivations—are the [29]underappreciated foundation of human culture.

Though science is increasingly adopting this dynamic paradigm, the practical world still tends to construe cultural patterns as unchanging (and unchangeable).

Pressure heightens conformity to the salient peer codes, whether it’s Western or Eastern codes of inference or the chef profession’s protocols of cooking. Craving for certainty is also a matter of temperament.

these policies in terms of efficiency, but they also transformed the cultural cues surrounding players.

The primacy of language as a cue helps us understand why language policies can change behavior.

I was learning about a cognitive bias called the “fundamental attribution error.” Many studies had found that participants asked to explain someone else’s behavior tended to focus on properties of the person, even if there were situational factors present sufficient

Scholars began to appreciate that it was not simply collective institutions or individual psychologies that determined culture, but the interplay between them. Cultural institutions shape the individual’s mind, and the individual’s mind shapes cultural institutions. [14]Culture and psyche are inexorably intertwined.

understand diversity dynamics,